The Government's long-awaited energy White Paper puts a substantial long-term reduction in carbon dioxide emissions at the heart of energy policy.1 The main emphasis is on energy efficiency and renewables, although the door remains open for nuclear power should these fail to deliver. The EU emissions trading scheme will also form a "central plank" of the new energy policy. However, the White Paper contains almost no firm policy proposals or targets - raising concerns about whether the Government will be able to deliver its vision.

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